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Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
Using the Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey data from January to March 2021, this study analyzes national and state estimates for vaccination intention. The study looks at interactions between race/ethnicity and household income, and race/ethnicity and age group, in its association with vaccination intent. The study found that non-Black Hispanics with lower incomes and younger ages are the least likely to vaccinate against COVID-19.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article details a project to develop and assess a predictive model of vulnerability indicators of COVID-19 in Los Angeles County, California. Four public health indicators were used for ZIP code tabulation: (1) pre-existing health conditions, (2) barriers to accessing health care, (3) built environment risk, and (4) the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Social Vulnerability Index. The results showed disparities for Black and Latinx populations across all four health indicators.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study investigated the spatiotemporal trends and geographic disparities in COVID-19 mortality from March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021, by identifying emerging hot and cold spots of death rates over three phases of the pandemic (first wave, second wave, post-vaccination). Results showed hot spots shifting over three phases of the pandemic from densely populated cities to states with looser social distancing regulations and low vaccination rates.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study assessed community factors associated with COVID-19 infection levels and testing rates at the US Census tract level in Seattle, King County, Washington. Through multivariate models, the study demonstrated disparities for communities of color within the county, for risk of exposure, transmission, and in testing rates. The results show a need for increased education, training, and disease control resources for communities with low socioeconomic status and vulnerable populations.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
In this study, the authors quantify how differential vaccine uptake by race and ethnicity within each US state produced substantial vaccination coverage disparities during the initial scale-up among older adults. The authors model alternative scenarios for the period after eligibility opened to all adults, including a scenario of persistent differential uptake and scenarios that include efforts to reduce disparities by addressing access barriers, increasing vaccine confidence, and prioritizing disadvantaged geographic areas. This study investigated preliminary data surrounding telehealth usage and in-person visits for integrated primary care visits, particularly among disadvantaged communities and communities of color. The study found reduced attendance, increased internalizing concerns, and disparities in scheduling for Black patients.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article explores the methodology for creating a minimum data set and interoperable reporting framework for effective surveillance of COVID-19. The framework was developed by the Iran Ministry of Health and Mental Education to streamline pandemic surveillance capacity. A combination of literature study and expert consensus approach was used to design a COVID-19 minimum data set (MDS), and the definitive data elements of the MDS were determined by applying the Delphi technique. Existing messaging and data standard templates (Health Level Seven-Clinical Document Architecture [HL7-CDA] and SNOMED-CT) were used to design the surveillance interoperable framework. This article looks at employee-based health plan beneficiary data from 2019 and 2020 to quantify changes in telemedicine and office-based care utilization. The study focuses on demographic and socioeconomic measures and found that telehealth utilization was affected disproportionately by age and poverty rate.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study details a national, state-level analysis of COVID-19 infection and mortality disparities between ethnic and racial subgroups using data from the COVID Tracking Project. Results found significantly higher rates of COVID-19 infections among Hispanic and African American populations. A choropleth map of disparities in the United States was produced as part of the study.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study looks at internet usage of older adults through the California Health Interview Survey to examine how social determinants of health and socioeconomic levels can impact access to health information. Results found that minorities with lower levels of socioeconomic status are most impacted by a digital divide and access to health information via the internet.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study examined the impact of variable infection risk by race and ethnicity on the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 spread by fitting compartmental SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed) transmission models structured by race and ethnicity to seroprevalence data from New York City and Long Island and analyzing how herd immunity thresholds, final sizes, and epidemic risk change across groups. The results highlight the importance of developing socially informed COVID-19 transmission models that incorporate patterns of epidemic spread across racial and ethnic groups.
Novel Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and are in the process of generating evidence of effectiveness or may not yet be tested.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study adapted the Lorenz curve methodology to characterize disparate outcomes in COVID-19 testing across time, regions, and ZIP codes for the St. Louis and Kansas City regions. The results showed that Black individuals have half the rate of testing per case than White populations, even among Black and White individuals residing in the same ZIP code. The study calls for equitable testing strategies and routine monitoring using formal metrics to inform adaptive testing strategies.