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Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study describes demographic characteristics and hospital bed capacities of the five New York City boroughs and evaluates whether differences in testing for COVID-19, hospitalizations, and deaths have emerged as a signal of racial, ethnic, and financial disparities. Results showed disparities among the boroughs. Bronx, with the highest proportion of racial/ethnic minorities, the most persons living in poverty, and the lowest levels of educational attainment, had higher rates of hospitalization and death from COVID-19 than the other boroughs.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study looked at variations in COVID-19 diagnoses by ZIP code, race, and ethnicity in Indiana. The study examines patient information from the Indiana University Health system and geolocates the patient’s ZIP codes to calculate the number of COVID-19 cases per 10,000 persons for each ZIP code. The results showed that ZIP codes with higher percentages of African Americans, Hispanics, foreign-born persons, and residents living in poverty are disproportionately affected by COVID-19.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study examined telemedicine utilization patterns for one healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic to determine if environmental, racial or ethnic, or other social determinants of health impact an individual’s access and usage of telemedicine. Results showed that older age, rural status, and lower socioeconomic status, as well as Asian, Black, and Hispanic ethnicities are most likely to be associated with a lower telemedicine use. Efforts toward digital literary outreach and distribution of telemedicine infrastructure are needed.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study examined internet access and mode of access by social class, race, and ethnicity among youth in the U.S. to gain insight on whether these vulnerable populations experienced disparities in access and health education. The study found that low-income Black and Hispanic youth are least likely to have access to internet at home, meaning web-based dissemination of health information is not reaching this population.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
Members of many underserved communities have long seen worse health outcomes, and this has been exacerbated by COVID-19. This article describes certain strategies that health departments, hospitals, universities, service providers, and others have used to engage and partner with members of underserved communities. In Chicago, health departments, hospitals, service providers, and community organizations formed an alliance that met daily to coordinate services for people experiencing homelessness. The Navajo Nation partnered with health departments and hospitals to create a health command center to get aid to people, test and contact trace, and collect funding. An alliance in Albuquerque used community based participatory research (CBPR) to complete strategic planning regarding mitigating COVID-19 among people experiencing homelessness. Other cities also used CBPR or saw grassroots efforts to partner wit health departments to increase aid and funding to communities with the greatest need.
Best Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes when implemented in multiple real-life settings, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article describes how the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board (NPAIHB) telehealth program, known as Extensions for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO), or teleECHO, adapted to COVID-19 in providing community clinicians/public health workers access to experts. Descriptions of how healthcare providers and staff adapted practices to be culturally responsive to tribal communities is presented.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article describes the implementation of a medical student-run, free virtual clinic providing medication assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder (OUD) in Miami, Florida during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eligibility criteria for accessing services through the clinic included Florida residency and an income below 200% of the federal poverty level. The article describes how the students promoted the clinic, the process for providing MAT virtually (under supervision of an attending physician), patient characteristics, and reports process evaluation data for the clinic. The practice strategy this article is focused on is access to MAT for people with OUD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article presents the results of a non-randomized controlled trial comparing in-person vs. telemedicine treatment for pregnant women with opioid use disorder in South Carolina. The authors found no statistically significant difference in treatment outcomes for women who received care in-person vs. via telemedicine, and no statistically significant difference in outcomes for the newborns of women in these respective groups. The authors were unable to assign trial participants to telemedicine vs. in-person care at random due to the inability of some rural patients to attend treatment in person. Also, the sample size was not sufficient to achieve ~80% power to detect a difference between the two groups. At the same time, the practice strategy is considered useful for helping to deliver telehealth treatment for vulnerable populations, including pregnant and newly parenting people with substance use disorder, and people living in rural communities.
Best Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes when implemented in multiple real-life settings, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study recommends that governments should continue to fund and prioritize use of Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) as major vaccine administration sites. This retrospective cohort study examines COVID-19 vaccination administration rates at FQHCs by race and ethnicity and also the racial and ethnic equity in vaccine receipt at FQHCs. The results of the study found that vaccine administration at FQHCs was equitable for American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Hispanic populations, but there were inequities for the Black population. FQHCs have provided critical access to COVID-19 vaccinations for patients from diverse racial and ethnic groups. This resource may help motivate governments to continue funding and prioritizing the use of FQHCs by showing that these health centers have provided access to COVID-19 vaccinations for patients from diverse economic, racial, and ethnic groups.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article outlines the strategies the Hopi Tribe in Northeastern Arizona took to address the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on their population of 7,500 Hopi individuals. Activities were developed in partnership with the local health center and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Some strategies of note include implementing data tracking and reporting tools, offering support for individuals in quarantine, local messaging and informational campaigns, and culturally tailored prevention and mitigation strategies (e.g., guidelines for ceremonies and burials).