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Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
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Case Study
The Massachusetts Executive Office of Elder Affairs (EOEA) oversees programs and services for older adults through the aging service network, and worked closely with the COVID-19 command center during the COVID-19 pandemic. EOEA worked with senior affordable housing providers and advocated for vaccines for older adult populations. They also used their network to disseminate COVID-19 information to older adults, caregivers, and those working directly with older adults.
Best Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes when implemented in multiple real-life settings, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities.
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Peer Review Study
Asabor and colleagues investigate the relationship between levels of segregation and the distribution of testing sites in four cities. Segregation refers to the extent of distance between neighborhoods of color and White neighborhoods. The highest levels of segregation are between Blacks and Whites, however, there is segregation between other communities of color and White communities. The authors compiled a list COVID-19 testing sites per Census tract through June 2020. And, in parallel, Asabor and colleagues identified the four most segregated cities in the U.S. in order to conduct a focused analysis. These cities are: New York, Los Angeles, Houston, and Chicago. In New York, Houston, and Chicago, there is an inverse relationship between percentage of Blacks in a Census tract and the number of testing sites. And, in Chicago, Houston, and Los Angeles there is a similar negative relationship for Latinx.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
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Systematic Review/Meta-Analysis
There are widespread concerns that ethnic minorities and migrants may have inadequate access to COVID-19 vaccines. Improving vaccine uptake among these vulnerable groups is important towards controlling the spread of COVID-19 and reducing unnecessary mortality. The data from this systematic review shows that low confidence in COVID-19 vaccines among Black ethnic minorities driven by mistrust and safety concerns led to high vaccine hesitancy in this group. For migrants, convenience factors such as language barriers, fear of deportation, and reduced physical access to COVID-19 vaccines. Building trust, reducing physical barriers and improving communication transparency about vaccine development through healthcare workers, and religious and community leaders can improve access and facilitate uptake of the COVID-19 vaccines among ethnic minority and migrant communities.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
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Peer Review Study
This study aimed to determine independent community pharmacist preparedness for COVID-19 vaccination and to identify strategies for COVID-19 vaccination implementation in Pennsylvania. Through surveys and focus groups these recommendations emerged: (1) working with community partners to support off-site mass vaccination clinics, (2) leverage partnerships with community organizations and universities to support staffing for vaccination efforts, (3) use an appointment-based immunization model, (4) use existing scheduling tools, text messaging, and automated phone calls for second-dose reminders, and (5) further training and process improvements to support vaccine documentation and transmission to the Pennsylvania Statewide Immunization Information System.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
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Summary Report/Recommendations
This report details the immense toll the COVID-19 pandemic has taken, and continues to take, on Black communities. The report’s authors – physicians and public health and policy experts – note massive disparities experienced by Black Americans. The worse outcomes, are a predictable result of structural and social realities. The predicates that caused these disparities have long been present. These are cycles we have to break. The report highlights areas for immediate focus and attention, and presents a set of expert-generated recommendations for action.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
In June 2020, Northwest Arkansas was a COVID-19 hotspot, with serious racial and ethnic disparities. Existing community-engaged partnerships utilized their collaborative capacity to address COVID-19 disparities in the Latinx and Pacific Islander communities. Eighteen key partners held weekly meetings and regular communication and developed four strategies: (1): health education (prevention, testing, quarantine, and follow-up care) and prevention (communication re: practices to reduce risk); (2) testing; (3) a dedicated contact tracing center with bilingual workers; (4) enhanced case management and supported quarantine.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
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Peer Review Study
This cross-sectional study assessed vaccine uptake in staff and residents of long-term care facilities, including assisted living and other residential care through the Pharmacy Partnership for Long-Term Care Program. This program, a public-private partnership with 3 pharmacies (CVS, Managed Health Care Associates, and Walgreens), conducted on-site visits to enrolled LTCFs to provide end-to-end management of the COVID-19 vaccination process, including appropriate storage, handling, and transport of vaccines; vaccine administration; and fulfillment of reporting requirements. Findings include having on site clinics may increase vaccine uptake, particularly when transportation may be a barrier and recommendations include ensuring steady access to COVID-19 vaccine in LTCFs following the end of the Pharmacy Partnership to maintain high vaccination coverage among residents and staff.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This case study is on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine distribution via mobile vans to residents/staff of 47,907 long-term care facilities (LTCFs) across the United States that relied on algorithms to optimize vaccine distribution. The authors developed a modeling framework for vaccine distribution to high-risk populations in a supply-constrained environment. The framework decomposed this challenge as two separate problems: an assignment problem, where they optimally mapped each LTCF to select CVS stores responsible for vaccines; and a scheduling problem, where they developed an algorithm to assign available resources efficiently. The learning and this framework may be of use to other organizations, including communities where mobile clinics can be established to efficiently distribute vaccines and other healthcare resources in a variety of scenarios.