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Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study assessed vaccine hesitancy in the United States by looking at Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey data. The study looked at race and ethnicity for individuals who have received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose by June 2021, but also looked at other socioeconomic factors such as access to healthy food, insurance status, and state-level political differences. The results found that while initial race/ethnicity analyses shows Black adults are more likely to not get vaccinated for COVID-19 than White adults, once other social factors were included, these differences were no longer significant. Additionally, insurance status and food insufficiency were not seen as significantly associated with vaccination hesitancy, but political differences does create an impact in overall state vaccination rates.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study details an analysis of data from the University of Maryland family medicine and immediate care (UFM) practices to examine an association between COVID-19 infections and demographic and socioeconomic factors. Results found that Black and Hispanic patients were more likely test positive for COVID-19, and those living in areas with a high Area Deprivation Index score experienced higher risks of infections.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article examines a cohort study of children in England to determine a possible association between COVID-19 testing rates, COVID-19 mortality rates, and race. Results found that Asian and Black children experienced race-specific disparities when compared to white children, with white children receiving more COVID-19 testing, but Black and Asian children experiencing worse outcomes, including hospitalization, ICU admission, and death.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article looks at the differences in the health care setting choice for COVID-19 testing by race/ethnicity and insurance type. They found disparities in equitable access, with Black individuals more likely to get tested through emergency departments compared to White individuals. Hispanic individuals had the highest likelihood of testing at mobile testing units, and those without a primary care practitioner were more likely to go to a mobile testing unit or emergency department. The implementation of mobile care delivery models may allow for a larger reach to vulnerable populations.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Summary Report/Recommendations
Using available COVID-19 case and vaccination data, the CDC compared three different methodologies for grouping race/ethnicity COVID-19 data. Two of these methodologies are focused on how to group race/ethnicity when fields are missing. The results show that methods that use race information when ethnicity is missing resulted in higher estimated COVID-19 cases, incidence, and vaccination coverage. However, more work must be done to improve upon these methods in order to create more equitable and reliable data.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study conducted a qualitative content analysis on the intersection of COVID-19 vaccines, race, and ethnicity. The study looks at Twitter messages between October 2020 and January 2021 to study attitudes and perceptions around COVID-19 vaccination through anticipation and early implementation. The messages are categorized into themes: vaccine support, vaccine opposition, conspiracy and misinformation, equity and access, representation, and politics.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article examines racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 test positivity rate and mortality in emergency department patients in Northern California. The results show a significant disparity amongst Black and Latinx patients, with higher COVID-19 positive testing rates and an increase in hospitalization rates amongst these groups.
Best Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes when implemented in multiple real-life settings, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article examines growth rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases and mortalities over a 30-day period of the COVID-19 outbreak for each of the 100 largest U.S. cities to determine how racial residential segregation and income inequality contributed to health disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data shows the growth curve for cases and mortality rates increases significantly in metropolitan areas where Black and Hispanic people are residentially segregated from White people. The article offers policy implications for making virus-resilient cities that are also health equitable.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study discusses how a team of public health researchers and legal scholars with expertise in racial equity used systematic policy surveillance methods to develop a comprehensive database of state laws that are explicitly or implicitly related to structural racism, with the goal of evaluating their effects on health outcomes among marginalized racial and ethnic groups.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Summary Report/Recommendations
In this project, RAND Corporation researchers identified existing health equity measurement approaches that might fit with Medicare’s VBP programs, quality reporting efforts, and confidential reports. The project had two objectives: identify health equity measurement approaches, and decide which of these approaches merit consideration for inclusion in Medicare’s VBP programs, quality reporting efforts, and confidential reports. This report describes the methods and findings of the project and delineates potential first steps for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to consider as it continues to evaluate the prospect of incorporating health equity measures and domains in Medicare’s VBP and reporting programs.