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Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
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Peer Review Study
This article details a project to develop and assess a predictive model of vulnerability indicators of COVID-19 in Los Angeles County, California. Four public health indicators were used for ZIP code tabulation: (1) pre-existing health conditions, (2) barriers to accessing health care, (3) built environment risk, and (4) the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Social Vulnerability Index. The results showed disparities for Black and Latinx populations across all four health indicators.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study investigated the spatiotemporal trends and geographic disparities in COVID-19 mortality from March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021, by identifying emerging hot and cold spots of death rates over three phases of the pandemic (first wave, second wave, post-vaccination). Results showed hot spots shifting over three phases of the pandemic from densely populated cities to states with looser social distancing regulations and low vaccination rates.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study assessed community factors associated with COVID-19 infection levels and testing rates at the US Census tract level in Seattle, King County, Washington. Through multivariate models, the study demonstrated disparities for communities of color within the county, for risk of exposure, transmission, and in testing rates. The results show a need for increased education, training, and disease control resources for communities with low socioeconomic status and vulnerable populations.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
In this study, the authors quantify how differential vaccine uptake by race and ethnicity within each US state produced substantial vaccination coverage disparities during the initial scale-up among older adults. The authors model alternative scenarios for the period after eligibility opened to all adults, including a scenario of persistent differential uptake and scenarios that include efforts to reduce disparities by addressing access barriers, increasing vaccine confidence, and prioritizing disadvantaged geographic areas. This study investigated preliminary data surrounding telehealth usage and in-person visits for integrated primary care visits, particularly among disadvantaged communities and communities of color. The study found reduced attendance, increased internalizing concerns, and disparities in scheduling for Black patients.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article explores the methodology for creating a minimum data set and interoperable reporting framework for effective surveillance of COVID-19. The framework was developed by the Iran Ministry of Health and Mental Education to streamline pandemic surveillance capacity. A combination of literature study and expert consensus approach was used to design a COVID-19 minimum data set (MDS), and the definitive data elements of the MDS were determined by applying the Delphi technique. Existing messaging and data standard templates (Health Level Seven-Clinical Document Architecture [HL7-CDA] and SNOMED-CT) were used to design the surveillance interoperable framework. This article looks at employee-based health plan beneficiary data from 2019 and 2020 to quantify changes in telemedicine and office-based care utilization. The study focuses on demographic and socioeconomic measures and found that telehealth utilization was affected disproportionately by age and poverty rate.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study details a national, state-level analysis of COVID-19 infection and mortality disparities between ethnic and racial subgroups using data from the COVID Tracking Project. Results found significantly higher rates of COVID-19 infections among Hispanic and African American populations. A choropleth map of disparities in the United States was produced as part of the study.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study looks at internet usage of older adults through the California Health Interview Survey to examine how social determinants of health and socioeconomic levels can impact access to health information. Results found that minorities with lower levels of socioeconomic status are most impacted by a digital divide and access to health information via the internet.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This article provides an overview of the evidence linking the primary domains of racism — structural racism, cultural racism, and individual-level discrimination — to mental and physical health outcomes. For each mechanism, the authors describe key findings and identify priorities for future research. The authors also discuss evidence for interventions to reduce racism and describe research needed to advance knowledge in this area.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study examines the impact that COVID-19 has on incarcerated populations by analyzing systematic data on testing, test positivity, cases, and case fatality. Using data from the COVID Prison Project, the study presents data from 53 prison systems and compares these data with each state’s general population. Many states were not reporting full information on COVID-19 testing with some also not reporting on case fatality. Among those reporting data, there was wide variation between testing, test positivity, and case rates within prison systems and as compared to the general population. However, when more tests were deployed, more cases were identified, with the majority of state prisons having higher case rates than their general population.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
The authors investigated data sources to determine whether short-term jailing of individuals prior to release may drive COVID-19 spread.