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Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
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Peer Review Study
The article presents strategies of how Durham County Department of Public Health operationalized equity into multiple phases of its COVID-19 response through infrastructure changes and how to apply these methods to future public health emergencies to better serve vulnerable populations. This response relied upon robust data collection of demographic data to identify inequities. Infrastructure changes included standing up multiple COVID-19 Task Forces (Homeless, Community, Food Security, African American) and Strike Teams (Long-Term Care Facility, Clusters) targeting vulnerable populations; placing testing sites in targeted locations; collaborating with multisector and community partners for feedback; and providing Health Ambassadors for in-person dissemination of COVID-19 information. The paper reviews results from these interventions and lessons learned.
Novel Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and are in the process of generating evidence of effectiveness or may not yet be tested.
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Case Study
This case study describes a secondary purpose of Chicago’s Racial Equity Rapid Response Team, which is to improve health outcomes among communities that have been most heavily impacted. The work has included campaigns, town halls, prevention programs, city testing sites, and securing grant funding.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study analyzed 30-day outcomes of COVID-19 patients surviving to discharge across a five-hospital health system.
Promising Practices that show evidence of effectiveness in improving public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting, as indicated by achievement of aims consistent with the objectives of the activities, and are suitable for adaptation by other communities.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
Using patient record data from the New York University Langone Health System, this study examines outcomes from individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 in New York City from March 1 through April 8, 2020, to examine differences in outcomes based on age, sex, body mass index, comorbidity, insurance type, and neighborhood socioeconomic status. The results indicated that while Black and Hispanic communities were experiencing larger mortality rates in the general population, the study did not find that Black and Hispanic individuals are experiencing worse COVID-19 outcomes, including mortality when hospitalized, as compared to hospitalized patients who are white. This study supports the idea that existing social determinants of health, such as access to housing, access to health care, differential employment outcomes, and poverty can impact mortality rates for Black and Hispanic communities.
Novel Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and are in the process of generating evidence of effectiveness or may not yet be tested.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
This study adapted the Lorenz curve methodology to characterize disparate outcomes in COVID-19 testing across time, regions, and ZIP codes for the St. Louis and Kansas City regions. The results showed that Black individuals have half the rate of testing per case than White populations, even among Black and White individuals residing in the same ZIP code. The study calls for equitable testing strategies and routine monitoring using formal metrics to inform adaptive testing strategies.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
The study explores where and how Black women are obtaining information that pertains to COVID-19, along with the impacts that COVID-19 may be having on their daily lives. A codebook was developed based on the recorded interviews, which included deductive and inductive codes. A thematic analysis of the data was then conducted using MaxQDA (Verbi Software), focusing on Black women’s experiences related to COVID-19. The majority of participants were using a combination of social media platforms and news sources to obtain information about COVID-19.
Emerging Practices that show potential to achieve desirable public health outcomes in a specific real-life setting and produce early results that are consistent with the objectives of the activities and thus indicate effectiveness.
RELEASE DATE:
Peer Review Study
The article highlights quantitative bias analysis as a method for improving racial and ethnic COVID-19 disparity estimates when data are missing.